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# Mt 9:15
\\The children of the bridechamber mourn.\\ The friends of
the bridegroom, for the bride was brought to his father's house.
Fasting was usually a sign of sorrow. He was himself the
Bridegroom, and still with his disciples.
\\When the bridegroom shall be taken from them.\\ An allusion
especially to the crushing sorrow when he was crucified and
buried. Real fasting takes place when there is real occasion for
it. See
# Ac 13:2 14:23 2Co 6:5 11:27
(PNT 56)
00251
# Mt 9:16
\\No man putteth,\\ etc. Two illustrations follow to show the
folly of patching up, or reforming, an old, worn out religion
like Judaism.
\\New cloth.\\ Cloth that has been shrunk. In shrinking it
would tear the old cloth around it, and make a worse rent than
before.
(PNT 56)
00252
# Mt 9:17
\\Neither do men put new wine into old wineskins.\\ New wine
is unfermented wine. Old skin bottles would become tender with
age and burst during the fermentation of the wine.
(PNT 56)
00253
# Mt 9:18-19
\\There came a certain ruler.\\ One of the rulers of the
synagogue (probably of the synagogue of Capernaum). One of the
elders and presiding officers, who convened the assembly,
preserved order, invited readers and speakers. His name was
Jairus.
# Mr 5:22 Lu 8:41
Matthew, Mark, and Luke all give this account. From them we
learn that the maiden was twelve years old, was dying when the
ruler started, was dead when he spoke to Jesus. Compare
# Mr 5:22-43 Lu 8:41-56
(PNT 56)
00255
# Mt 9:20
On his way to the house of Jairus another miracle was
wrought.
\\And, behold, a certain woman.\\ I think the circumstances
of the narrative render the inference almost certain that this
account was meant for the consolation of those multitudes of
stricken women in all ages who seem to be afflicted with sorrows
in very unequal measure, compared with the stronger, and
generally, also, the more depraved, sex.--W. H. Thomson, M.D.
\\An issue of blood.\\ A haemorrhage either from the bowels or
the womb, probably the latter.
\\Came behind [him], and touched the hem of his garment.\\
The ordinary outer Jewish garment was a square or oblong piece
of cloth, worn something like an Indian blanket.
(PNT 56-57)
00256
# Mt 9:21
\\But touch his garment.\\ The Jews paid to the fringe a
superstitious reverence. Sharing the superstition, this woman
touched it in hope of cure.
(PNT 57)
00257
# Mt 9:22
\\Thy faith had made thee well.\\ Literally, "thy faith hath
saved thee." Her faith, of course, had not been the cause of her
cure. Christ's power had been that. But her faith was the
condition on her part. Hence it might be represented as having
"made her whole." The student should observe that hers was not a
passive faith, but it led to action. A passive faith is a dead
faith.
(PNT 57)
00258
# Mt 9:23
\\And when Jesus came into the ruler's house.\\ He healed the
woman on the way.
\\Saw the musicians.\\ The Jews, like other Orientals, were
wont to employ professional mourners, minstrels who made
plaintive music, or wailed.
(PNT 57)
00259
# Mt 9:24
\\Give place; for the maid is not dead, but sleepeth.\\ The
reality of the death is not denied, but only the fact implicitly
assumed, that death will be followed by a resurrection, as sleep
is by an awakening.
\\Derided him.\\ The company of mourners was certain that the
child was dead and, understanding neither the language nor the
power of Jesus, laughed in derision.
(PNT 57)
00260
# Mt 9:25
\\When the people were put forth.\\ Luke says that Peter,
James and John, and the father and mother of the maiden were
permitted to remain.
# Lu 8:51
\\Took her by the hand.\\ As we learn from the parallel
accounts, he said to her, \\Talitha cumi.\\
# Mr 5:41
This is Aramaic, the language generally spoken by the common
people in Palestine at the time of Christ. The words mean:
"Rise, my child." They were immediately obeyed. She arose, and
walked.
(PNT 57)
00261
# Mt 9:26
\\The fame of this went abroad.\\ Mark and Luke dwell
emphatically upon the astonishment felt by the parents, but
shared doubtless by the three apostles.
# Mr 5:42 Lu 8:56
(PNT 57)
00262
# Mt 9:27
\\Two blind men followed him.\\ This account is given only by
Matthew. Blindness is still very common under the burning sun
and among the blinding sands of the East. No sight is more
common than blind beggars. The want of attention to the eye when
first diseased is one reason why this affliction is so common.
\\[Thou] son of David, have mercy on us.\\ The title, "son of
David," applied to Jesus by these blind men, as well as by those
healed at Jericho, implied his Messiahship, as it was understood
that the Christ was to be the son of David.
(PNT 57)
00263
# Mt 9:28
\\The blind men came to him.\\ Not until he was come into the
house he was seeking.
\\Believe ye that I am able to do this?\\ Jesus questions the
men about the extent of their faith.
(PNT 57-58 edited)
00264
# Mt 9:29
\\According to your faith be it to you.\\ Faith is the hand
which takes what God offers, the spiritual organ of
appropriation.
(PNT 58)
00265
# Mt 9:30-31
\\Jesus strictly charged them,\\ etc. Their changed condition
would sufficiently tell the story without their indiscreet
babbling. They failed to obey, which they should have done,
whether they understood the reason of the command or not. Note
the three great lessons about our Lord:
(1) He is the Life. He not only breaks the bonds of mortal
death, but endows the soul with spiritual life.
(2) He is the infallible Physician. Diseases of the body,
sorrows of the heart, and sins of the soul that no man can
heal, disappear at his touch.
(3) He is the Light of the world. At his word sightless eyes
see. At his word darkened souls are flooded with light.
(PNT 58)
00267
# Mt 9:32
\\A dumb man possessed with a demon.\\ Compare
# Lu 11:14
A complication of physical and spiritual maladies.
See note on "Mt 8:28"
(PNT 58)
00268
# Mt 9:33
\\It was never so seen in Israel.\\ Filled with wonder at the
cure, the multitude declared that no prophet had ever done such
wonders. They were right.
(PNT 58)
00269
# Mt 9:34
\\The Pharisees said.\\ With their usual perverseness they
gave a sinister explanation.
\\Through the prince of the demons.\\ In other words: He gets
power from the devil, instead of God, to cast out demons.
(PNT 58)
00270
# Mt 9:35
\\Jesus went about all the cities.\\ He began to widen the
area of his ministry.
(PNT 58)
00271
# Mt 9:36
\\When he saw the multitudes, he was moved with compassion.\\
The Lord seldom looked upon a crowd of the poor, lost, human
beings without being moved with tender compassion.
\\Because they were faint, and were . . . as sheep having no
\\shepherd.\\ A figure representing their spiritual condition.
They "fainted" under the burdens placed on them by pretended
shepherds, Pharisees and scribes. They wandered, as sheep left
without care.
(PNT 58)
00272
# Mt 9:37
\\The harvest truly [is] plentiful, but the labourers [are]
\\few.\\ First the people are represented under the figure of
sheep, scattering abroad, without a shepherd's care; next as a
ripe and abandoned harvest, ready to be lost unless reapers are
sent to gather it.
(PNT 58)
00273
# Mt 9:38
\\Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest.\\ The Lord of
the harvest is Christ. When we pray the Lord for anything we
must work to fulfil our own prayers. If we pray for labourers,
we must be willing to become labourers ourselves, or to send and
sustain other labourers.
(PNT 59)
00274
# Mt 10:1
SUMMARY OF MATTHEW 10
\\The Call and Charge to the Apostles\\
The Twelve Apostles
The Charge
To Whom Sent
How to Go
What to Preach
How to Act If Received or Rejected
Persecution
Prudence Required
Trials to Be Met
Need Have No Care for a Defense
Fear Not Men, but God
The Father's Care
Not Peace, but a Sword
Loving Christ More Than Father or Mother
No Kind Act Lost
\\He had called to [him] his twelve disciples.\\ Compare
# Mr 3:13-19 Lu 9:1-6
The twelve had already been called, and had attended the Lord
for some time. They were now commissioned and sent forth as
apostles. This must be connected directly with the last three
verses of the preceding chapter, which should belong to Chapter
10.
\\He gave them power.\\ To do the same kind of works of mercy
which Jesus had done, and thus to carry out his mission. Works
of mercy and love are inseparable from the true preaching of the
gospel.
(PNT 59)
00275
# Mt 10:2-4
\\Now the names of the twelve apostles are these.\\ Of the
twelve apostles there are four lists, found in
# 10:2-4 Mr 3:16-19 Lu 6:14-16 Ac 1:13
They differ in the following particulars:
(1) Luke, in the book of Acts, does not insert the name of Judas
Iscariot, who was then dead;
(2) both in the Gospel and in Acts he entitles the Simon, who,
here and in Mark, is called the Canaanite, Simon Zelotes;
Matthew gives as the tenth disciple, Lebbaeus; Mark calls him
Thaddaeus;
(3) Luke and Acts, Judas of James, i.e., either son or brother
of James; and Mark says that James and John were surnamed by
Christ, Boanerges, i.e., the sons of thunder.
In other respects the four lists are identical.
There are three pairs of brothers among them. Andrew and
Peter, James and John, James the Less and Judas, or Thaddaeus.
James and John I believe to have been cousins of our Lord. With
the exception of Judas Iscariot, all were Galilaeans; several of
them were by trade fishermen, a laborious and profitable
calling; there was neither priest nor scribe among them; all
were from the ranks of the common people.
(PNT 59)
00278
# Mt 10:5
\\Go not into the way of the Gentiles.\\ The Jews called all
"Gentiles" who were not Jews.
\\Samaritans.\\ The inhabitants of Samaria, a district
between Judea and Galilee; descendants of a remnant of the Ten
Tribes, mixed with Gentiles colonized there. They accepted the
five books of Moses, but worshipped on Mount Gerizim, instead of
at Jerusalem. They and the Jews had been for ages bitter
enemies.
(PNT 59-60)
00279
# Mt 10:6
\\The lost sheep of the house of Israel.\\ The lost
descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. Compare this commission
with the one given to the apostles after the death and
resurrection of the Lord.
# 10:5,6 28:19
In this commission the apostles are forbidden to go to the
Gentiles or the Samaritans, and are confined to the house of
Israel. In the other they are commanded to go into "all the
world," and to "preach the gospel to every creature"; to go
"first to Jerusalem, and to Judea, and to Samaria and to the
uttermost part of the earth."
# Ac 1:8
The first commission is Jewish; the second is world-wide. Yet
both are given by the same Lord; why this wide difference?
Because the new dispensation was not ushered in until after the
resurrection. The Jewish law, national, exclusive, a wall of
partition from Gentiles, was yet in force. Christ, "born under
the law," and the apostles also were under it until it was
removed. They could not keep it and yet become missionaries to
the Gentiles. But when Christ died the old dispensation, the
law, died with him. "The handwriting of ordinances was nailed to
the cross."
# Col 2:14
The old covenant passed away when the new came into force,
sealed with the blood of Christ. After the death and
resurrection of Christ, the law ceased to be binding upon the
apostles. The distinctions of Jew and Gentile were destroyed.
Hence, under the new covenant, the world-wide covenant, there
was a new commission that would send the gospel to all the
world. The old covenant was with the seed of Abraham; the new
covenant embraced all nations. See
# Heb 8:13
(PNT 59-60)
00280
# Mt 10:7
\\Proclaim, . . . The kingdom of heaven is at hand.\\ John the
Baptist and Christ preached, "The kingdom is at hand."
# 3:2 4:17
It was near, but not yet inaugurated. There was no such reservation
in the second or Great Commission. Then "all power in heaven and on
earth" was in the hands of Christ.
# 28:18
He became King after he suffered. His power was demonstrated on earth
after his resurrection and on the day of Pentecost. After he was
"lifted up" he became "both Lord and Messiah" on the highest throne.
# Rev 1:5,6 3:21 Acts 2:38
(PNT 60 edited)
00281
# Mt 10:8
\\Heal the sick,\\ etc. Not only in order to do a beneficent
work, but to demonstrate that they had the Lord's commission.
(PNT 60)
00282
# Mt 10:9
\\Provide neither gold,\\ etc. Because "the workman is worthy
of his meat" and those to whom they preached should supply all
their wants. Compare
# 1Ti 5:18 1Co 9:7-14
This has always been the law of Christ.
(PNT 60)
00283
# Mt 10:10
\\Nor bag.\\ A wallet, or valise.
\\Nor shoes.\\ They were allowed to wear sandals, such as the
common people wore.
# Mr 6:8,9
They should go with simply their ordinary wear. They were
required to dress as the people.
\\Nor staves.\\ With the staff each one had, but without an
extra supply. A staff was always carried in walking over the
rugged mountains of Palestine.
(PNT 60)
00284
# Mt 10:11
\\There abide.\\ With some one noted for hospitality and
worth. They were not to board round from house to house.
(PNT 60)
00285
# Mt 10:12
\\When ye come into an house, greet it.\\ Courteously salute
the household.
(PNT 60)
00286
# Mt 10:13
\\Let your peace come upon it.\\ The Oriental salutation is,
"Peace be with you." If the household were hospitable and
friendly, let this blessing rest upon them. If they proved
unfriendly, leave them to their own course and its results.
(PNT 60)
00287
# Mt 10:14
\\Shake off the dust of your feet.\\ This was done when there
was a positive rejection of the gospel. It was a symbolical act,
signifying that all responsibility for the stubborn household or
city had ended. Compare
# Mr 6:11 Lu 9:5 Ac 13:51
Nor can the gospel be forced upon an unwilling people in any
age.
(PNT 61)
00288
# Mt 10:15
\\Verily I say to you.\\ This formula always introduces a
very emphatic saying.
\\More tolerable for the land of Sodom,\\ etc. The cities of
the Jordan valley destroyed for their sins in the time of
Abraham.
# Ge 19:1-28
These cities did not have the opportunity, and hence, not the
responsibility, of those to which Christ or his apostles
preached.
(PNT 61)
00289
# Mt 10:16
\\As sheep in the midst of wolves.\\ Defenceless by human
means, among the fierce and cruel; among bitter enemies.
\\Wise as serpents.\\ Prudent, discreet. Serpents are very
cautious in avoiding danger.
\\Harmless as doves.\\ Guileless and innocent as doves. The
dove, peaceful, never preying on other birds, has always been a
symbol of innocence.
(PNT 61)
00290
# Mt 10:17
\\Beware of men.\\ The wolves.
\\To the councils.\\ To the local courts to be tried for
heresy and other offenses.
\\They will scourge you.\\ This punishment was inflicted on
offenders in the synagogues. See
# Ac 22:19 26:11
The Talmud states that scourging was inflicted by the officers
of the synagogue.
\\In their synagogues.\\ The Jewish assemblages corresponding
to modern churches.
(PNT 61)
00291
# Mt 10:18
\\Ye shall be brought before governors.\\ Before the civil
tribunals, like criminals.
\\And kings.\\ This was literally fulfilled in the case of
James, the brother of John, and Paul.
# Ac 12:2 26:1
(PNT 61)
00292
# Mt 10:19
\\Be not anxious how or what ye shall speak.\\ They are not
told to take no thought what they shall preach, but that the
Holy Spirit will give them utterance when they make their
defense before civil magistrates.
(PNT 61)
00293
# Mt 10:20
\\Your Father.\\ Not "Our Father." The Saviour never says,
"Our Father," except when he teaches the disciples to pray, but
"My Father" and "Your Father." God was his Father in a different
sense from that in which he is our Father.
(PNT 61)
00294
# Mt 10:21
\\The brother shall deliver up the brother.\\ The rest of the
family shall turn upon their own kindred who accept Christ, and
become their bitter enemies. This has been fulfilled thousands
of times in every age.
(PNT 61)
00295
# Mt 10:22
\\Ye shall be hated by all [men].\\ Jews and pagans made a common
cause against early Christianity. The wicked and perverse hate it
still.
\\He that endureth to the end.\\ Holds out faithful. Perseverance
gives proof of genuine faith, and is sure of reward.
(PNT 62 edited)
00296
# Mt 10:23
\\Flee ye into another.\\ They were not to rashly expose
their lives where it would do no good, but go elsewhere and
continue preaching. Life is a sacred possession, and must not be
flung away. It may be given up for the sake of Christ.
\\Till the Son of man shall have come.\\ A reference
primarily, no doubt, to the Lord coming into his kingdom. See
# 16:28
He was thus to come in the life time of some of the apostles. He
did thus come in the establishment of his kingdom in power on
the day of Pentecost. He also came in judgment on the Jews at
the destruction of Jerusalem. This event ended Jewish
persecution. There is also the final coming to judge the world,
but the meaning here does not include that.
(PNT 62)
00297
# Mt 10:24
\\The disciple is not above [his] teacher.\\ The disciples
must expect to be treated like the master.
(PNT 62)
00298
# Mt 10:25
\\Called the master . . . Beelzebub.\\ The prince of evil,
Satan, is meant.
(PNT 62)
00299
# Mt 10:26
\\Fear them not therefore.\\ Because Christ shall triumph,
and all shall be brought to judgment, where every secret shall
be made manifest.
(PNT 62)